The term fuel is used for any material from which energy or heat can be obtained on burning. Classify the fuels on the basis of the state in which various fuels are available to us, we have three states of fuels-
Solid fuels.
Liquid fuels.
Gaseous fuels.
Differetnt Types of Fuels:
SOLID FUELS:
Commonly used solid fuels in our country are firewood, charcoal, cow-dung cakes, agricultural wastes and coal. In rural areas firewood, agricultural wastes and cow-dung cakes are the major sources of energy. However, wood is becoming more and more scarce and expensive due to increase in its demand for other purposes coupled with the shortage in supply due to large-scale felling of trees. The supply of wood can be improved through sustained and serious efforts to plant more trees than are utilized for various purposes. However, using firewood, cow-dung cakes and agricultural wastes as a fuel has some other disadvantages as well. Burning of these fuels often produces a lot of smoke, which, in turn can cause respiratory diseases. Moreover, traditional chulahs used do not completely burn firewood, cow-dung cake and other agricultural wastes. Often a lot of energy, that is heat, go waste due to poor design of them.
Coal is another important solid fuel used in cities, industries and power stations. Coal is believed to have been formed by the slow compression of plant bodies of large forests that existed on earth 300 millions years ago. Due to certain changes that took place on earth at that time, these plant bodies got buried under the surface. Gradually, these were covered with many layers of soil. The intense heat and high pressure ultimately converted them into coal. For this reason, coal is called a fossil fuel. Coal contains mainly carbon and is used to heat water in industries. Coal is used to prepare coke. On being heated in the absence of air, coal produces coke, coal gas and an oily liquid. This liquid is called coal tar. Coke contains a higher percentage of carbon than coal. It is used in extraction of iron and domestic purposes.
Thursday, December 27, 2012
Water Powered Machines
Introduction to water powered machines
Water flows from a higher level to lower level. Flowing was has lot of kinetic energy due to its motion. Kinetic energy of the flowing water can be used for doing useful work by using water-powered machine named as water wheel. A water wheel is a large wheel, which consists of a number of blades along its perimeter. When flowing water falls on one of the blades of waterwheel it starts rotating. This rotatory motion of water wheel can be used for doing some useful mechanical work. I like to share this Doppler Effect Examples with you all through my article.
Utilization of Water Energy in Water Powered Machines
The energy of flowing water in a water-powered machine is utilized in following purposes:
(i) For grinding grains: The kinetic energy of flowing water can be used for grinding grains in a flour mill.
(ii) For pottery making: The potter’s wheel is connected to the rotor of the water wheel by a pulley and a belt system. The rotatory motion of the water wheel rotates the potter’s wheel.
(iii) For running looms: The rotor of a water wheel is connected through a lever system to the shaft of the loom. This converts the rotatory motion of the water wheel into linear to and fro motion of the shaft.
(iv) For generating electricity: Electricity produced by making use of kinetic energy of the flowing water is termed as hydroelectricity or hydroelectric power. Hydroelectricity is produced by allowing the flowing water to fall on the blades of a big turbine. The rotor of the turbine is connected to the dynamo of generator or alternator. Rotation of the alternator produced electricity. This electricity is transmitted to distant places through the overhead electrical cables. Please express your views of this topic Equation for Gravity by commenting on blog.
Limitations of Water Energy in Water Powered Machines
The limitations of water energy in water powered machines are as follows:
(i) The flowing water in the form of fast flowing rivers is not found everywhere.
(ii) Useful work can be performed only when at the site where flowing water is available.
Conclusion of Water Energy in Water Powered Machines
We conclude that the water energy is a renewable and inexhaustible source of energy. Water energy used in water-powered machines does not produce any type of pollution and it is the cheap source of energy.
Water flows from a higher level to lower level. Flowing was has lot of kinetic energy due to its motion. Kinetic energy of the flowing water can be used for doing useful work by using water-powered machine named as water wheel. A water wheel is a large wheel, which consists of a number of blades along its perimeter. When flowing water falls on one of the blades of waterwheel it starts rotating. This rotatory motion of water wheel can be used for doing some useful mechanical work. I like to share this Doppler Effect Examples with you all through my article.
Utilization of Water Energy in Water Powered Machines
The energy of flowing water in a water-powered machine is utilized in following purposes:
(i) For grinding grains: The kinetic energy of flowing water can be used for grinding grains in a flour mill.
(ii) For pottery making: The potter’s wheel is connected to the rotor of the water wheel by a pulley and a belt system. The rotatory motion of the water wheel rotates the potter’s wheel.
(iii) For running looms: The rotor of a water wheel is connected through a lever system to the shaft of the loom. This converts the rotatory motion of the water wheel into linear to and fro motion of the shaft.
(iv) For generating electricity: Electricity produced by making use of kinetic energy of the flowing water is termed as hydroelectricity or hydroelectric power. Hydroelectricity is produced by allowing the flowing water to fall on the blades of a big turbine. The rotor of the turbine is connected to the dynamo of generator or alternator. Rotation of the alternator produced electricity. This electricity is transmitted to distant places through the overhead electrical cables. Please express your views of this topic Equation for Gravity by commenting on blog.
Limitations of Water Energy in Water Powered Machines
The limitations of water energy in water powered machines are as follows:
(i) The flowing water in the form of fast flowing rivers is not found everywhere.
(ii) Useful work can be performed only when at the site where flowing water is available.
Conclusion of Water Energy in Water Powered Machines
We conclude that the water energy is a renewable and inexhaustible source of energy. Water energy used in water-powered machines does not produce any type of pollution and it is the cheap source of energy.
Thursday, December 20, 2012
Dielectric Constant Vacuum
Introduction to Dielectric Constant Vacuum
If we applied any electric field to the electrical insulator, it becomes dielectric material. If we place any dielectric material in the electric field, the electric charge does not flow through the dielectric as the charge flows through the conductor. But in this process some of the equilibrium is attained and this is called as dielectric polarization. In the process of polarization, the positive charges are shifted in the direction of applied field and the negative charges are shifted in the opposite direction of applied electric force. So that an internal electric field is set up inside the dielectric material, which can compensates the external or applied electric field. William Whewell gave the name dielectric. Understanding Coulombs Constant is always challenging for me but thanks to all math help websites to help me out.
Dielectric Constant Vacuum
The name dielectric is used to explain the materials with the effect of polarization. After some time it is known as the dielectric constant. Generally, the dielectric material is used in between the plates of the capacitor. After insertion of the dielectric medium between the plates of the capacitor the capacitance of the capacitor increases. The dielectric constant has no unit because it the ratio of same type of quantities. I have recently faced lot of problem while learning Kinematics Formulas, But thank to online resources of math which helped me to learn myself easily on net.
Dielectric Constant in Terms of Force Relative to Vacuum
When the charges are situated in a medium other than free space, the force between the charges is given by
Fm = q1q2 / 4`Pi` `epsi ` r^2 ….(1)
Where, e is called the absolute permittivity of the intervening medium. The force between the same charges held at the same distance in the vacuum is given by
F0 = q1q2 / 4`Pi``epsi ` 0 r^2 ….(2)
Where, `epsi ` 0 is the absolute permittivity of the free space
Dividing equation (2) by equation (1), we get
F0 / Fm = `epsi ` / `epsi ` 0 = `epsi ` r or K
Where, `epsi ` r or K is called the relative permittivity of the medium or dielectric constant of the medium. So, dielectric constant of a medium may be defines as the ratio of the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges separated by a certain distance in vacuum or air to the force of attraction or repulsion between the same two point charges, held at the same distance in the medium. The dielectric constant for vacuum is 1 and dielectric constant for water is 81.
If we applied any electric field to the electrical insulator, it becomes dielectric material. If we place any dielectric material in the electric field, the electric charge does not flow through the dielectric as the charge flows through the conductor. But in this process some of the equilibrium is attained and this is called as dielectric polarization. In the process of polarization, the positive charges are shifted in the direction of applied field and the negative charges are shifted in the opposite direction of applied electric force. So that an internal electric field is set up inside the dielectric material, which can compensates the external or applied electric field. William Whewell gave the name dielectric. Understanding Coulombs Constant is always challenging for me but thanks to all math help websites to help me out.
Dielectric Constant Vacuum
The name dielectric is used to explain the materials with the effect of polarization. After some time it is known as the dielectric constant. Generally, the dielectric material is used in between the plates of the capacitor. After insertion of the dielectric medium between the plates of the capacitor the capacitance of the capacitor increases. The dielectric constant has no unit because it the ratio of same type of quantities. I have recently faced lot of problem while learning Kinematics Formulas, But thank to online resources of math which helped me to learn myself easily on net.
Dielectric Constant in Terms of Force Relative to Vacuum
When the charges are situated in a medium other than free space, the force between the charges is given by
Fm = q1q2 / 4`Pi` `epsi ` r^2 ….(1)
Where, e is called the absolute permittivity of the intervening medium. The force between the same charges held at the same distance in the vacuum is given by
F0 = q1q2 / 4`Pi``epsi ` 0 r^2 ….(2)
Where, `epsi ` 0 is the absolute permittivity of the free space
Dividing equation (2) by equation (1), we get
F0 / Fm = `epsi ` / `epsi ` 0 = `epsi ` r or K
Where, `epsi ` r or K is called the relative permittivity of the medium or dielectric constant of the medium. So, dielectric constant of a medium may be defines as the ratio of the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges separated by a certain distance in vacuum or air to the force of attraction or repulsion between the same two point charges, held at the same distance in the medium. The dielectric constant for vacuum is 1 and dielectric constant for water is 81.
Science Easy
Introduction to easy general knowledge questions :
General knowledge questions are meant for improving IQ. It helps growing children in widening their knowledge base which in turn enables them to understand various concepts and theories in a comparatively easier and better manner. Students with better general knowledge sense are most likely excel in their educational carrier. I like to share this Definition of Longitudinal Wave with you all through my article.
Easy General Knowledge Questions : Set 1
We have presented below are some of the most common general knowledge and their answers:
Question 1:
Which country ranks second in terms of land area is?
Answer: Canada
Question 2:
Which is the longest river in the world?
Answer: Nile
Question 3:
Which is the highest mountain in the world?
Answer: Mount Everest
Question 4:
Which is the biggest desert in the world?
Answer: Sahara Desert
Question 5:
Which is the coldest place on the earth?
Answer: Verkoyansk in Siberia
Question 6:
Which is the biggest delta in the world?
Answer: Ganga’s Delta
Question 7:
Which is the biggest island of the world?
Answer: Greenland
Question 8:
Which country is called the Land of Rising Sun?
Answer: Japan
Question 9:
Mount Everest was named after by whom?
Answer: Sir George Everest
Question 10:
Which is the lowest point on earth?
Answer: The coastal area of the Dead Sea
Question11:
Which is the largest ocean of the world?
Answer: Pacific Ocean
Question12:
Who discovered Australia?
Answer: James Cook
Question 13:
Who built Eiffel tower?
Answer: Alexander Eiffel
Question 14:
What was the earlier name of New York City?
Answer: New Amsterdam
Question 15:
The UNO was formed in which year?
Answer: 1945
I have recently faced lot of problem while learning Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids, But thank to online resources of math which helped me to learn myself easily on net.
Easy General Knowledge Questions : Set 2
Question 1:
On which day world literacy day is celebrated?
Answer: 8th September
Question 2:
Which country is known as the Roof of the world?
Answer: Tibet
Question 3 :
Who was the first black person to be awarded for the Nobel Peace Prize?
Answer: Ralph Johnson Bunche
Question 4 :
Which is the highest waterfall in the world?
Answer: Salto Angel Falls, Venezuela
Question 5 :
Who is the author of Harry Potter Books?
Answer: JK Rowling
Question 6 :
Who invented the Light Bulb?
Answer: Humphrey Davy
Question 7 :
Who invented the washing machine?
Answer: James King
Question 8 :
Who invented the first electric washing machine?
Answer: Alva Fisher
Question 9 :
Who invented the safety pin?
Answer: Walter Hunt
Question 10 :
Who invented the Vacuum Cleaner?
Answer: Hubert Booth
Question 11 :
Which continent has the larger land mass?
Answer: Africa
Question 12 :
Ganymede is a satellite of which planet?
Answer: Jupiter
Question 13 :
For which element is Co the chemical symbol?
Answer: Cobalt
Question 14 :
Which condition does the acronym AIDS stand for?
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Question 15 :
In computing, what does ISDN stand for?
Answer: Integrated Services Digital Network
General knowledge questions are meant for improving IQ. It helps growing children in widening their knowledge base which in turn enables them to understand various concepts and theories in a comparatively easier and better manner. Students with better general knowledge sense are most likely excel in their educational carrier. I like to share this Definition of Longitudinal Wave with you all through my article.
Easy General Knowledge Questions : Set 1
We have presented below are some of the most common general knowledge and their answers:
Question 1:
Which country ranks second in terms of land area is?
Answer: Canada
Question 2:
Which is the longest river in the world?
Answer: Nile
Question 3:
Which is the highest mountain in the world?
Answer: Mount Everest
Question 4:
Which is the biggest desert in the world?
Answer: Sahara Desert
Question 5:
Which is the coldest place on the earth?
Answer: Verkoyansk in Siberia
Question 6:
Which is the biggest delta in the world?
Answer: Ganga’s Delta
Question 7:
Which is the biggest island of the world?
Answer: Greenland
Question 8:
Which country is called the Land of Rising Sun?
Answer: Japan
Question 9:
Mount Everest was named after by whom?
Answer: Sir George Everest
Question 10:
Which is the lowest point on earth?
Answer: The coastal area of the Dead Sea
Question11:
Which is the largest ocean of the world?
Answer: Pacific Ocean
Question12:
Who discovered Australia?
Answer: James Cook
Question 13:
Who built Eiffel tower?
Answer: Alexander Eiffel
Question 14:
What was the earlier name of New York City?
Answer: New Amsterdam
Question 15:
The UNO was formed in which year?
Answer: 1945
I have recently faced lot of problem while learning Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids, But thank to online resources of math which helped me to learn myself easily on net.
Easy General Knowledge Questions : Set 2
Question 1:
On which day world literacy day is celebrated?
Answer: 8th September
Question 2:
Which country is known as the Roof of the world?
Answer: Tibet
Question 3 :
Who was the first black person to be awarded for the Nobel Peace Prize?
Answer: Ralph Johnson Bunche
Question 4 :
Which is the highest waterfall in the world?
Answer: Salto Angel Falls, Venezuela
Question 5 :
Who is the author of Harry Potter Books?
Answer: JK Rowling
Question 6 :
Who invented the Light Bulb?
Answer: Humphrey Davy
Question 7 :
Who invented the washing machine?
Answer: James King
Question 8 :
Who invented the first electric washing machine?
Answer: Alva Fisher
Question 9 :
Who invented the safety pin?
Answer: Walter Hunt
Question 10 :
Who invented the Vacuum Cleaner?
Answer: Hubert Booth
Question 11 :
Which continent has the larger land mass?
Answer: Africa
Question 12 :
Ganymede is a satellite of which planet?
Answer: Jupiter
Question 13 :
For which element is Co the chemical symbol?
Answer: Cobalt
Question 14 :
Which condition does the acronym AIDS stand for?
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Question 15 :
In computing, what does ISDN stand for?
Answer: Integrated Services Digital Network
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