Introduction to study definition of e:
The charge is the inherent property of the matter. As the two substances rubbed with each other some of the electrons are transferred to one body to the another. The body, which gains the electrons, have positive charge and the other which lose the electrons get the negative charge. The charge of an electron is the elementary charge and denoted by the e. We cannot reduce the charge as one third of electron or any other quantity, because the charge of an electron is elementary.
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Study definition of e:
The electric charge is the basic property of the matter due to which the electrostatic force comes into play. The charges are of the two types: positive and negative charge. The S.I. unit of charge is coulomb and the other units are esu, emu, stat coulomb etc. The electric charge is conserved and quantized. The electric charge does not depend on the velocity of that charged particle if it is moving. The experimental value of the elementary charge e is 1.602176487 × 10-19 Coulomb in S.I. units and in CGS units the value of the elementary charge is 4.80320427 × 10-10 stat coulomb. For the sake of the convenience, the charge of the electron is considered as -1 and the charge of the proton is + 1. In the terms of the Avogadro constant and the Faraday constant the elementary charge is the ratio of the Faraday’s constant and the Avogadro’s constant.
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Experimental measurements of the elementary charge:
We can find the value of the elementary charge by the Millikan’s oil drop experiment. In the experiment a small drop of a oil falls in the electric field. The force of gravity and the viscosity be deducted by the electric field force and to get the value of the elementary charge. We can produce the electric charge on any material by rubbing it with another material; this is known by the conduction. The other method is called the induction in which the charge is induced on the body by the charge of the another body. In case of induction, the charges on the two bodies are of opposite nature but in the conduction, the charge is of the same nature.
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