Diffraction wavelength

Let us start with what is diffraction of light first and try to answer it. It is basically the bending of the light rays when it passes from a small slit or it is the phenomenon by which the ray of light changes its path or direction slightly when it encounters an obstacle. Please express your views of this topic Wavelength Spectrum by commenting on blog.

It is visible in daily life when we have a hole in the wall and the sun rays are coming through it. Note that you can see the light rays spread out from the hole and form a cone like structure of the light.
Diffraction of light waves can be seen more profoundly when the wavelength of the light rays is of order of the size of the object that is acting like the obstacle. If the wavelength does not match then it would be very difficult to observe these phenomena although it will occur. A diffracted wave will hence almost be of same wavelength. It is basically caused due to the formation of maxima and minima.

In fraunhofer diffraction we have the formation of fringes and alternate black and white stripes which is evident of the diffraction Phenomenon. Basically what happens is that each particle in the light wave is in turn the source of light and hence secondary waves are generated at all the points. Now the intensity of these waves ( secondary ) can be different and at any point the intensity observed will be the sum or aggregation of all the intensities from all the sources for that particular point. This may sometime lead to a minima and sometime lead to a maxima.

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At point of minima, when the resultant intensity is zero we get dark areas. In areas of maxima where the resultant intensity is a constant value we get maxima and hence the fringes which are not dark. In this way a pattern of alternate fringes ( dark and light ) is formed which is called the pattern formation in diffraction.
There are various equations and formulas considering the intensities at any point. There are diffraction grating equation derivation topics that will lead to a clear understanding of the phenomenon. There are many types of this like circular aperture form along with single slit and dual slit forms.
For each one of them we have specific path difference formula.
For example d sin theta = n v
Here theta is the angle of incidence.
V is the wavelength of the light.
N is a constant.