Relative Magnetic Permeability

Introduction to relative magnetic permeability:

In electromagnetism (the branch of physics), the ability of a material which supports to produce the magnetic field within itself is called the permeability. We can say that the degree of magnetization of the material which responds to the magnetic filed is called the permeability. Oliver Heaviside gave the term permeability in 1885.

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Permeability for the explanation relative magnetic permeability:

The permeability is measured in Henry per metre or Newton per squared ampere. The absolute permeability of the free space is denoted by the µ0. The absolute permeability is also known as the magnetic constant of the free space. The permeability of the free space is the measure of amount of the resistance offered by the forming of magnetic field in vacuum. The value of the absolute permeability of free space is µ0 = 4p×10-7 H·m-1 or N·A-2. For example, if we rub the iron piece with the magnet, the iron piece gets magnetized and will have its own magnetic field. We can also define the magnetic permeability as the ratio of flux density to the magnetic filed strength (`mu` = B/ H).

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Relative magnetic permeability:

The relative permeability is measured as the ratio of the permeability of the specific medium to the absolute permeability of the free space.

`mu`r = `mu` /`mu`0

The magnetic permeability is not a constant quantity. It is a unit less quantity because it is the ratio of same kind of the physical quantities. It changes as the position of the material changes in the magnetic field. The magnetic permeability also depends on the humidity and the temperature of the material. The materials having high relative permeability are used in strong electromagnets etc. The magnet weakly attracts the substances having low relative permeability. Ferro magnetic materials have high value of relative magnetic permeability. The magnetic materials which are diamagnetic in nature have low values of the relative permeability which are slightly less than 1. In case of the paramagnetic materials, the value of relative magnetic permeability is slightly greater than 1. For some of the materials such as pure iron, and some alloys have relative magnetic permeability more than 100000 or equal to 100000.